The Carotenes can be found in various edible vegetable sources. Mixed Carotenes can be extracted from the fruits of the palm oil tree (Elaeisguineensis) (E160a(ii)) or from the algae Dunaliellasalina (E160a(iv)). This group also includes Beta Carotenes obtained by synthesis (E160a(i)) or by fermentation from Blakesleatrispora (E160a(iii)). All types of Carotenes display Pro-Vitamin A activity. Carotenes/ Beta Carotenes are generally available yellow to yellow/ orange in shade but shades giving orange or red are also available. They offer excellent light, heat and pH stability.